In pain and other research fields, placebos have traditionally been associated with deception, although harnessing placebo effects does not necessarily require deception. Open-label placebos (OLPs) represent a novel approach in which inert treatments …
Positive and negative expectations crucially shape how we perceive our surroundings, including our emotional and cognitive abilities. Prior work shows that cognitive abilities in different domains can be modulated by placebo or nocebo effects, in …
The management of educational stressors and predictors of cognitive performance outcomes, such as test anxiety and learning strategies (LS), pose relevant challenges for students and educators. In a previously published single-blind randomized …
The use of so-called ‘smart drugs’ such as modafinil to improve cognitive performance has recently attracted considerable attention. However, their side effects have limited user enthusiasm. Open-label placebo (OLP) treatment, i.e., inert treatments …